Hcs 571 Essay - 3296 Words

Capital Project HCS/571 Capital assets are generally purchased to improve quality of care, or to provide needed equipment for a new service or expansion of an existing service. The key element in capital budgeting is that the building or piece of equipment being acquired has a lifetime that extends beyond the year of purchase and it is a capital asset or long-term investment for the hospital. Capital assets are good financial investments for the organization.(Finkler, Ward, amp; Baker, 2007). The Electronic health record software system is one of the important operational priorities in the US healthcare. The change from paper-based record system to electronic record system supported by technologies and help for reducing errors and†¦show more content†¦(McCarthy amp; Eastman, 2010). Cost containment The software related Electronic health record implementation need to be appropriate for the needs of the organization and budget.(Swab, amp; Ciotti, 2010) The EHR software system has many areas of market depending upon the size of the hospital bed size. The first criteria for the vendors according to the bed with 100 and small hospital The Electronic health record system cost about between $ 1 million and 2 for the electronic health record system The electronic health record software cost for the organization about medium hospital cost is much larger than the first one. It comes around three to ten million. The hospital and organization with more than average bed cost for the electronic health record system will be higher amount than the other one. The cost and amount of electronic health record system will depend upon the size of the hospital . The management has to decide about the budget for the organization. (Swab, amp; Ciotti, 2010). The organization must evaluate its mission a nd goals in light of its particular strengths and weakness and in light of the demand for services and competition in the external environment. Based on that evaluation it can make a plan that will take advantage of opportunities like Electronic health record implementation according to the goals of an organization.(Finkler, Ward, amp; Baker, 2007). TheShow MoreRelatedHcs 5711329 Words   |  6 PagesBudget Management Analysis Juan Vazquez-Nieves HCS 571 August 27, 2011 Tamica Lewis Abstract A budget is an instrument used to help managers ensure that the resources used effectively and proficiently toward the goals of an organization. A budget projection can be made on a yearly base depending on previous year or existing one. They can further be broken down quarterly or monthly depending on it use. 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This paper will help to create an understanding of GAAP, the purpose of the principlesRead MoreThe Corporate Veil : Saloman And Beyond1269 Words   |  6 PagesSalomon merely because justice demands such an action unless the wording of particular statute or contracts permitted such an action. Re Darby, exp Brougham [1911] 1 K.B 95 (HC) DHN Food Distributors v Tower Hamlets [1976] 1 WLR 852 (CA); rejected in Adams v Cape Ratiu v Conway [2005] EWCA Civ 1302, [2006] 1 All E.R. 571 (CA) 1.3.3 Corporate Groups As a company Through a brief outline of the history of the corporate veil doctrine, and the issues that avalanche from its constant appearanceRead MoreEmergency Department Bottleneck1309 Words   |  6 PagesEmergency Department Bottleneck Proposal Joyan Thomas University of Phoenix Online OPS/HC 571 Patience McGee March 7, 2011 Emergency Department Bottleneck Proposal Introduction Most hospitals experience the affects of the unexpected, ambiguity and uncertainty, and as a result, face challenges with quality. Middletown Hospital is a 200-bed general not-for-profit hospital. The hospital has a 20-bed Emergency Department (ED). It averages 100 patients per day. The CEO of the hospital

A foreword of a book on mass media laws and regulations Free Essays

string(84) " into two major parts \(1\) Organizational theories \(2\) Training and Development\." Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION: Syed Sajjad Ali Shah, Former Chief Justice of Pakistan said in a foreword of a book on Mass Media Laws and Regulations in Pakistan that: â€Å"All over the world, the citizens’ right to acquire knowledge and information is increasingly being proclaimed and recognized as a fundamental right. The international human rights instruments as well as national constitutions and laws, acknowledge and safeguard this right† WHAT IS ELECTRONIC MEDIA? Any channel of communication which serves different functions such as a wide range of entertainment or mass appeal and communicating news and information and advertisement messages through electronic medium is called Electronic media. The duty of media is to communicate massages from advertiser or vendors and serves it as a product or services to the consumer. We will write a custom essay sample on A foreword of a book on mass media laws and regulations or any similar topic only for you Order Now Types of media include print, electronic, outdoor and direct mail. Print media refers to magazine and news paper where as electronic media are usually referred as broadcast media that are radio and television including cable. BACKGROUND OF ELECTRONIC MEDIA IN PAKISTAN AND UK: In 1964 Television was first introduced in Pakistan. The only channel at that time was Pakistan Television (PTV) that lasts just for few hours everyday from evening till midnight to the viewers. The Channel introduced as a corporation of the state, where the government of Pakistan appointed its board of directors. The managing director was also appointed by the Government of Pakistan but with the approval of the boards. The Early channel includes STN, which was awarded by monopolistic contract with a private company called Network Television Market (NTM). In 1990 PTV was stroked by the financial mismanagement that causes a vast amount of debt and because of Hindi channels the rapidly reducing popularity among the viewers also reduced their advertising revenue. Pakistan Electronic Media is now regulated by Pakistan Electronic Media Regulatory Authority (PEMRA). It was established under PEMRA ordinance of 2002. The same month after establishment PEMRA issued 29 Radio licences for new private radio stations. The duty of this authority is to regulate and facilitate the private electronic media, and to improve the standards of information, education and entertainment and to expand the choice for the people of Pakistan including current affairs, news, religious knowledge, arts and culture and as well as science and technology. Where as in 1932 right before 32 years when television was first launched in Pakistan, BBC launched the first television channel in UK called â€Å"THE BBC TELEVISION SERVICE.† The BBC was sponsored by the public money build up from a TV licence fee collected from all UK households who had a television set. This fee was mandatory for all; failure to pay the fee was punishable by prosecution causing a fine or imprisonment. Until ITV was launched in 1955 BBC television service had a complete monopoly in UK. ABSTRACT: Training and development come under the umbrella of human resource management. This research will help analyse the current frameworks by human resource executives to improve training and development within Pakistan media industry and as well as look at the barriers facing by human resource department over the coming year and techniques for overcoming them. This research is a comparative study of training and development strategies in UK and Pakistan media Industry. With the purpose to look into the topic, I will compare and relate the techniques of UK media Industry with Pakistan media industry as how UK media industry deals with such kind of situations. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES Training and development refers to pass on or to enhance the specific knowledge and skills of an employee. Training and development is essential to advance the current and future performance of the employee by boosting the ability of an employee to perform better through learning and training. Training usually offers to the operatives on the other hand development programmes are for the employees on upper level or positions. The Primary aim of training and development is to help the organisation reach its goal by increasing value to its key resources that is the employee of the organization. By training the employee we can enable them to perform well and to empower them to make the best use of their natural abilities. The Basic aims of training and development are: It develops the ability of the employee and advances their performance. It helps to meet the organization with the future needs of human resource by help the staff to grow within the organization. And it also reduces the learning time for the employees and make sure that they become completely proficient as quickly and economically as possible. It has been seen that most of the researchers mainly focused their investigation on the role and responsibilities, role conflict and role ambiguity and some extent on the training and development programme, but this piece of research reflects the study of how training advance the level of understanding of the employee to their job and also how it helps in their career development. The main objective of the research is to look in to the developments in this important field of human resources particularly in electronic media industry in United Kingdom and Pakistan. Further to this we also look in to the organisations working without training and development department in some organisations. RESEARCH OVERVIEW: The goal of my research is to find out that how training and development can help improve the knowledge and skills of the employee within the organization especially in Pakistan electronic media by comparing it with the UK electronic industry mainly focus on the broadcasting media. The first chapter of my research will help to introduce the analysis of the study and also why it is useful to investigate further into this topic. The aim and objectives of the research study are also included in this chapter. Chapter two highlight the critical review of literature. The literature review will be divided into two major parts (1) Organizational theories (2) Training and Development. Chapter Three will cover up the research methodologies used for the research area. Chapter four will examine the data collection and analyse the types of information of the collected data. The Fifth Chapter will conclude the research and will suggest some advice and emphasize the limitations of the study. CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW: A critical and in depth evaluation of a previous research is called Literature Review. It examines a wide range of literature concerned with the employee motivation which has major importance for organizational matters such as Training and development. The themes provided the framework based on: 1. Organisational theory which relates to employee in an organization 2. To designed the development strategies to reward and distinguish the employee input in television channels. We will look in this research how these set of organisational theories and approaches relate to understand the topic of research. ORGANIZATIONAL THEORIES: Dugan the famous Author said in 1985 that â€Å"training and development is alive and well and growing. In fact, it has grown to be a part of a much larger arena.† There are so many approaches to training and development by so many authors my research will mainly focus on the Classical Approach, The human relation approach, and the contingency theory. I will give a brief introduction of all of these theories in my research. THE CLASSICAL APPROACH: The Standard model to the organizational plan and management in the classical approach were based on the assumed basic numbers, which are written below. To be operated and structured there is at least one best approach for all the organizations. Classical approach was based on the legal managerial power and rule of law. We know financial reward is the best way to motivate employee to work and we will also examine what are other ways of motivating employee and get their maximum use. THE HUMAN RELATION APPROACH: The Third step in the development of modern management was the advancement in the attention to the human factors which has become known as the â€Å"Human Relation School of management.† It was introduced in 1930s as a response to the negative view of human nature suggested by the classical approach and against the mechanistic view of organization. Human Relation approach talks about the emotional behaviour of the people that people are more emotional rather than economical rational beings, where as organizations are cooperative social systems rather than mechanical ones; and also that organizations are composed of informal structure, and rules as well as formal procedures and practices. CONTINGENCY THEORY: This theory was first come in to view in the 1960s as a rejection of the â€Å"One best way† approach. There are many types of the contingency theory. It is a set of behavioural theory that argues that there is no one best way of organising or leading and the leadership approach to one situation is not necessarily suitable to others. The Four most important suggestions of Contingency theory are: †¢ There is no one best way to manage the organization. †¢The plan and aim of the organization should be according to the environment. †¢Effective organizations not only plan according to the environment but also fit between its subsystems. †¢The organization should be properly designed and the management style should be suitable both to the tasks and the nature of the work group if the organization wants to satisfy its needs and requirements. ROLE OF TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENT According to Casse and Banahan (2007), â€Å"the different approaches to training and development need to be explored.† Training in an organization is mainly consisting of two parts: 1- Internal Training 2- External Training INTERNAL TRAINING: Internal training means a training session organised within the house by human resource department or giving training to a particular department by a senior staff or talented employee as a resource person. EXTERNAL TRAINING: The training which is arranged outside the organization by training institutes and consultants are called external training. Both the trainings are very essential as it helps preparing staff for greater challenges. THEORITICAL CONCEPT OF TRAINING: When the planning of a learning programme become a major concern, the theoretical concept of training becomes more significant. It helps determining the area where there is a space for further improvement and the training is required to achieve the goal. For any organization it is important to design the objectives and framework of training to achieve its corporate goal. There are countless theoretical concepts I will include few of them in my dissertation to make it clear to understand the objective of my research. I will try to briefly explain those concepts in my research proposal. Systematic training cycle is a stage based activity which begins with Training Needs Analysis (TNA) Jill Bowman John P. Wilson, (2008) Jill Bowman John P. Wilson, (2008) point out two definitions regarding (TNA) †¢ â€Å"Analysing training needs provides a focus and direction for the investment an organization has to make in its people†. †¢ Need for training exists in organizations when particular weaknesses need to me overcome by the application of systematic training. Therefore, before commencement of actual training session, it is very important to identify the training needs first. Jill Bowman John P. Wilson, (2008) The systematic training cycle has three stages. 1- Training Design 2- Training Delivery 3- Evaluation Any training programme in an organization has to be designed first once it is designed it needs to be implemented. Implementation is overwhelmed with certain problems such as managers at the first place are more action oriented but suddenly they get busy to engage in the training efforts. Secondly availability of the trainer who also knows the philosophy and objective of the company is difficult. And also scheduling the training programme around the present work is another problem. The final stage of the training and development programme is the evaluation of the programme. Evaluation of the programme helps determine the result. These set of classic theories and approaches will make the research topic more clearly for readers and how these relate to each other in media industry. CHAPTER 3 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY. The core task for any researcher to complete its research is to analyze the problem and to select that which research methodology to follow. It is a challenging endeavour and causes difficulties if the most suitable methodology is not selected. TYPES OF RESEARCH: 1- Primary Research 2- Secondary Research 3- Qualitative Research 4- Quantitative Research PRIMARY RESEARCH: In Primary research a researcher collects the data which doesn’t really exist. It can be done through surveys, questionnaire, interviews and observations. SECONDARY RESEARCH: Secondary research is to examining the existing data, it may be the mixture of information acquire by different authors and scholars and a summary or collation. QUALITATIVE RESEARCH: Qualitative research tries to find out the â€Å"WHY† not â€Å"HOW†. It is about investigating the issues, answering the questions and understanding phenomena. The main methods uses in this research are observation, interviews and documentary analysis. It seeks to explore people’s attitudes, behaviours, value system, and lifestyles. It also focuses groups, in depth interviews like many other approaches but qualitative research also involves the analysis of any unstructured material including customer’s feedback forms, reports or media clips. QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH: Quantitative research technique enumerates the data by applying different mathematical and statistical methods. Quantitative research includes surveys and customers questionnaires. It is about knowing the opinion of the people in a way so you can produce an appropriate fact and statistic to guide you in making decision for future. You can only get the reliable statistical result by surveying people in a fairly large numbers and also ensure they are representative sample of your target market. CHAPTER 4 DATA ANALYSIS: At first the data may appear to be a mass of confusing, unrelated, accounts. But by Studying and coding (often I code the same materials several times just after Collecting them), the researcher begins to create order (Charmaz, 1983: 114) In Data Analysis researcher gathers a raw data and organize it so that useful information can be extracted from it. Raw data can be in variety of types including measurements, surveys, and observations. In data analysis process, the raw data organised in a way which will be useful. For Example, The result of surveys may b tallied so that we can see that how many people answer to the surveys and how they response to the questions. Data Analysis is an important step of the research process. The aim of data analysis is to define the qualitative and quantitative data that provides learner to develop knowledge and skills in data analysis. It also supports the development of critical appraisal skills by considering the critical review. COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: In this stage I will try to analyze the primary data which I will collect from different television channels. I will try to collect data from BBC and Pakistan television channels including GEO TV Network, Express News and AAJ TV. I will also do the surveys and make the questionnaire for the employee working in electronic media industry and also a separate interview questions for HR experts associated with the industry. I will also analyze the data and the information collected through surveys by focusing on the objective of my research and will try to analyse them in a very systematic way, it is very important as it will help me to draw a valid conclusion and clarify the aim and objectives of my research. TIME LINE FOR DISSERTATION: A dissertation is an extensive piece of academic writing. The timeline make sure that every step is completed at a given time. For successful achievement of a dissertation there has to be a time line. Month 1 Month 2 Month 3 TASKS Preliminary Research Define research questions/objectives Work on methodology and finish rough drafts of methodology Library Work Preparing Questionnaires, and survey questions Refine Dissertation Methodology Write literature review Write Introduction Research paper writing References and Bibliography Polish format of research proposal CHAPTER 5 CONCLUSION: This research adds value in quite a lot of ways; firstly it contributes a better understanding on some vital attributes of Training and Development specifically in Pakistan and UK electronic media Industry. Secondly it provides insight the attitude and behaviour of an employee in the organization and why they need training. The aim of this study is to investigate the role of training in the efficiency of an employee, in how the training gives confidence to perform there desire task in their routine work. How to cite A foreword of a book on mass media laws and regulations, Essay examples

Fast Food The Ultimate Step towards Devastation Essay Example For Students

Fast Food: The Ultimate Step towards Devastation Essay The deaths exceed thousands each year, almost as many as million lives, and behind this serious issue, there is a simple solution; the solution is school foods. I, and many others, extremely disagree with the current filthiness of school foods that are provided regularly; therefore, the food conditions must be improved. Inside your body, the chemicals clog your blood vessels; ravage your heart, liver and kidney. Their purpose is to subjugate your body and mind. The store of toxic substances inside a teenage body will cause diseases when they grow older. Moreover, the annual statistics show extremely high expenses acquired to purchase hospital necessities. Not only does it come at the cost of so much money, it comes at an irreplaceable cost of lives. Furthermore, the companies that provide such foods do not care of you or your familys health. Clearly, it is conspicuous that school foods are worthless garbage and we need actions to stop it now. In a world, where obesity and hypertension becomes one of more frequent issues; the studies show that high consummation of calories and cholesterol are harmful. The adequate amount of calories for maintaining your body healthy is about 1400 cal. a day. Every student pays two dollars to receive a regular lunch, which consists of a main food, drinks and fries. These yellow grease compacts, which people call fries are an abundant source of cholesterol and calories. In a single meal, you can easily obtain, say, about 1100 cal. This abnormal in-take of these chemicals can prove to be very unhealthy to your body. Yet, obstinate thoughts deter you from restriction of consuming these substances. Before you realize the pitiful condition of your body, the grease rapidly flows into your blood stream. The liver, heart and many more essential organs will be quickly overflowed with indescribable filth. The increase of blood pressure, and the livers being destroyed are the factors that render catastrophic results. Compelled by greed, the people who provide school food care nothing of students health. All they are concerned with is to become rich. Who are they to think of themselves as such important figures prior to human beings health? They are, by all means, worthy of the tiniest respect. Take fries as an example of their flawless work. The oils are filthy and when you bite into those fries, the grease oozes out into your mouth. Talking about fries, how will you ever find out that the potatoes have been dropped on the ground or started to grow mold a couple weeks ago? It is truly ridiculous and I condemn to any furthermore consuming of such work of filth and despicable greed. Each year, as many as a million lives are taken away by ruthless beings called heart attacks. Heart attacks, although theyre common due to recent drastic increase of abomination, arent unavoidable. The disaster doesnt strike randomly to people they choose. They have a simple cause. Quiet obviously, our body is vulnerable and more than anything, you must obtain foods carefully. People are careless and carelessness is death. Thats what provokes heart attacks; the arteries gradually becoming like streets of New York City because of cholesterol. Why cant we simply overcome our arrogance and admit that our foods are 100% crap? If you admit it, at least it wont kill you. A large percentage of the surgeries fail as much as they succeed, causing loss of loved family members. The body itself suffers. Pain flows through your arms and legs like electricity moves through water. Then your heartbeat will come to a sudden stop instantly leaving you full of painful regrets and despair. If one/tenth or even one/thousandth of 125 billion dollars were used to improve the school food, you wouldnt be dead. In fact, youd be out on the green field, full of vivacious spirit and valor. Doesnt the fact that all you value, all your possessions, and money will be gone, trigger a call for better foods? Ultimately, the toxicants can decimate your health. Moreover, people who caused such pain do not care at all. Annually, 125 billion dollars are spent and it will increase as the time goes on. .u845bacbd4bec9b3ba33aa2b6de84abe6 , .u845bacbd4bec9b3ba33aa2b6de84abe6 .postImageUrl , .u845bacbd4bec9b3ba33aa2b6de84abe6 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u845bacbd4bec9b3ba33aa2b6de84abe6 , .u845bacbd4bec9b3ba33aa2b6de84abe6:hover , .u845bacbd4bec9b3ba33aa2b6de84abe6:visited , .u845bacbd4bec9b3ba33aa2b6de84abe6:active { border:0!important; } .u845bacbd4bec9b3ba33aa2b6de84abe6 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u845bacbd4bec9b3ba33aa2b6de84abe6 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u845bacbd4bec9b3ba33aa2b6de84abe6:active , .u845bacbd4bec9b3ba33aa2b6de84abe6:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u845bacbd4bec9b3ba33aa2b6de84abe6 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u845bacbd4bec9b3ba33aa2b6de84abe6 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u845bacbd4bec9b3ba33aa2b6de84abe6 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u845bacbd4bec9b3ba33aa2b6de84abe6 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u845bacbd4bec9b3ba33aa2b6de84abe6:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u845bacbd4bec9b3ba33aa2b6de84abe6 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u845bacbd4bec9b3ba33aa2b6de84abe6 .u845bacbd4bec9b3ba33aa2b6de84abe6-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u845bacbd4bec9b3ba33aa2b6de84abe6:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Genocide EssayFace the cold truth that was never to linger within this society. I completely disagree on the continuing of such ridiculous, worthless controversy. It is an astounding wonder how this burden came to play a role in schools, but its not too late. Just because theres been a failure, it doesnt mean that we cant solve it. That is our task. On the year of 2003, we are given two and only two choices; either we can improve, or we can accept the way this wasted world has become. As Bill Cosby once said, I am what I ate, and Im afraid of it! It is scarily, terrifyingly true. We are the cause of our own destruction.

The Problem of Plagiarism Literature Review free essay sample

A second form of plagiarism is when students have handed in reports that were written by their friends, even papers that were revised and handed in two or more times, making them obviously familiar to the teacher. Students can also find papers on many subjects on the Internet (for free or for a price); all they have to do is download and type their own name at the top (Renard, 2000, 39). A third form a plagiarism is when students turn in papers they have written for another class. This is easy to spot because the topic is usually only slightly related to the topic actually requested by the instructor. The causes of these instances of plagiarism appear to be 1) lack understanding of the meaning of plagiarism 2) lack of prior knowledge of the process for writing an essay or research paper 3) ease of cutting and pasting from the Internet 4) sub-standard reading and writing ability and 5) pressure to produce a â€Å"perfect† paper. We will write a custom essay sample on The Problem of Plagiarism Literature Review or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Even more disturbing than the acts of plagiarism is the evidence that the majority of this generation of students don’t see anything wrong with it. In a survey on the prevalence of plagiarism done in 2003 by the New York Times, over fifty percent of the respondents who said they had plagiarized didn’t think it was cheating (Brugeja, 2004, 37). Because young people today have always had almost unlimited access to music, entertainment, and information, many of them have no concept of intellectual property. Their attitude seems to be that if something is available, it’s not wrong to use it (Bruster, 2004, 38). Literature Search A search of scholarly literature was guided by these key words: plagiarism, student, high school, high school student, research, research paper, Internet, online, cheating, and digital. Using ERIC and Wilson Select Plus, the key words plagiarism and high school student were used first, resulting in general articles on student plagiarism. The specific use of the Internet in plagiarism was not mentioned. These articles didn’t address the causes of plagiarism or offer strategies to prevent it either. A modified search using Wilson Select Plus and the key words research paper and plagiarism resulted in articles referring to use of digital sources such as the Internet for plagiarism and also offered reasons and solutions. Additional key words were identified which could be used in future searches for information; these include NetGen, cut and paste, ethics, and networked knowledge, and intellectual property. The following sources are a sample of the articles that most closely pertain to the stated instructional problem. Although most articles contained some information on all three subtopics under investigation (symptoms, causes, and solutions for the problem of plagiarism), they are placed in the category which characterizes the most useful and relevant information they contain. Annotated Bibliography Symptoms Bugeja, M. (October 2004). Dont Let Students Overlook Internet Plagiarism. The Education Digest. 70(2), 37-43. The main ideas are that online resources have made plagiarism easy for students; teachers need to make sure the guidelines and consequences are lear regarding plagiarism. Bugeja describes two case studies, one before the advent of the computer and one after the invention of computers. He says, â€Å"To catch a plagiarist, make Boolian searches illogical, taking a rare word or proper noun from the plagiarized document† (Bugeja, 2004, 43). This article is useful for its comparison between non-technology related plagiarism and digital plagiarism. The conclusions are pragmatic: pl agiarism can’t be stopped; it can be detected and punished. The intended audience is teachers.